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Oncolytic viral immunotherapy is a therapeutic method for treating cancer that makes use of native or genetically altered viruses that reproduce only in tumour cells [1]. The first theories about the potential use of viruses to combat tumour cells date back to the early twentieth century, with the description in 1904 of a woman with acute leukaemia who demonstrated clinical remission and a patient with cervical cancer in 1912 who demonstrated extensive tumour necrosis, both after a viral infection [2]. Oncolytic viruses are those that selectively infect and lyse cancer cells as a result of substantial viral replication within these cells. Oncolytic viral therapy refers to the clinical use of oncolytic viruses to eliminate or at least decrease cancers [3]. Adenovirus (AdV), Coxsackievirus, Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Maraba virus, Measles virus, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Parvovirus, Reovirus, Vaccinia virus (VACV), and Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) are some of the oncolytic virus platforms being studied in pre-clinical and clinical trials [4]. Adoptive cell treatments, monoclonal antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, and oncolytic viruses are some of the current methods that have made significant advancements in the treatment of cancer since they can give cancer patients long-lasting and effective therapeutic results [5]. It is well recognised that the tumour environment contains a number of evasion mechanisms that help suppress the immune system, which in turn influences the stability and development of the illness even in patients who are immunocompetent [2]